Rochester, Minnesota

City of Rochester
—  City  —

Flag
Seal
Nickname(s): Med City (because of Mayo Clinic), Roch
Coordinates:
Country United States
State Minnesota
County Olmsted
Founded 1854
Government
 - Mayor Ardell Brede (I)
Area
 - City 39.8 sq mi (103.0 km2)
 - Land 39.6 sq mi (102.6 km2)
 - Water 0.1 sq mi (0.4 km2)  0.35%
Elevation 1,317 ft (312 m)
Population (2009)
 - City 103,486
 - Density 2,454.3/sq mi (947.3/km2)
 - Metro 185,618
Time zone CST (UTC-6)
 - Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP codes 55901, 55902, 55903, 55904, 55906
Area code(s) 507
FIPS code 27-54880[1]
GNIS feature ID 0650180[2]
Website www.rochestermn.gov

Rochester is a city in the U.S. state of Minnesota and is the county seat of Olmsted County. Located on both banks of the Zumbro River, it is perhaps best known as the home of Mayo Clinic (giving rise to the city's nickname, "Med City") and is also home to an IBM facility. The city was estimated to have a population of 103,486 according to the US Census' 2009 estimates,[3] making it Minnesota's third-largest city and the largest outside of the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington Metropolitan Statistical Area.[4] The city had long been a fixture on Money magazine's "Best Places to Live" index, and was ranked number 67 on the 2006 list.[5][6]

Contents

History

The area was home to nomadic Sioux, Ojibwa, and Winnebago tribes of Native Americans. In 1851, the Sioux ceded the land to Minnesota Territory in the treaties of Traverse des Sioux and Mendota, which opened the land for settlement.

Rochester itself was founded by George Head in 1854; his land claim is now part of the city's business district.[7] Originally from Rochester, New York, Head had settled in Waukesha, Wisconsin before moving west to Minnesota. He named the village on the South Fork of the Zumbro River after his New York hometown, and built a log cabin his family operated as Head's Tavern. By 1856, the population had grown to 50; and by 1858, it was 1,500. The territorial legislature created Olmsted County on February 20, 1855, with Rochester named county seat in 1857. Rochester developed as a stagecoach stop between Saint Paul, Minnesota, and Dubuque, Iowa. When the railroad arrived in the 1860s, it brought new residents and business opportunities. In 1863, Dr. William W. Mayo arrived as the examining surgeon for draftees in the Civil War.

On August 21, 1883, the Great Tornado demolished much of Rochester, leaving 37 dead and about 200 injured. There was no medical facility at the time, so Mayo and his two sons worked together to care for the wounded. Donations of $60,000 were collected and the Sisters of St. Francis, assisted by Mayo, opened a new facility named St. Marys Hospital in 1889.[8] The Mayo practice grew and is today among the largest and most well-respected medical facilities in the world. Many famous people from around the world, including former Presidents George H.W. Bush, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan, and King Hussein of Jordan, have visited Rochester as patients of the Mayo Clinic.

Geography

Downtown Rochester reflected in the Zumbro River

Rochester lies along the South Fork of the Zumbro River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 39.8 square miles (103.0 km²): 39.6 square miles (102.6 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.4 km²) of it (0.35%) is water.

Rochester is in Olmsted County, one of only four counties in Minnesota without a natural lake. Artificial lakes exist in the area, including Silver Lake, a dammed portion of the South Fork Zumbro River just below the convergence with Silver Creek near the city center. The lake was used as a cooling pond for the nearby electrical power plant for many years, although the amount of water used for this purpose has been significantly reduced. Heated water in the lake generally prevents it from freezing over even during Minnesota winters, attracting migrating giant Canada geese, which have become symbols of the city.

A major flood in 1978 led the city to embark on an expensive flood-control project that involved altering many nearby rivers and streams.

Minnesota is in the Central Standard Time (CST −6:00 GMT) zone and central daylight time.

Demographics

Historical populations
Census Pop. %±
1860 1,424
—
1870 3,953 177.6%
1880 5,103 29.1%
1890 5,321 4.3%
1900 6,843 28.6%
1910 7,844 14.6%
1920 13,722 74.9%
1930 20,621 50.3%
1940 28,312 37.3%
1950 29,885 5.6%
1960 40,663 36.1%
1970 53,766 32.2%
1980 57,890 7.7%
1990 70,745 22.2%
2000 85,806 21.3%
Est. 2009 103,486 [9] 20.6%

As of the 2005–2007 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, there were 95,179 people, 39,203 households, and 23,831 families residing in the city. There were 42,049 housing units. There were 39,203 households out of which 49.8% were married couples. About 31.6% had children under the age of 18. About 2.5% were made up of a male householder with no wife present and about 8.5% were made up of a female householder with no husband present. In addition, 39.2% of all households were non-family households and 32.6% of households were made up of householders living alone. And 8.7% of households were made up of someone living alone who was 65 years of age and over. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.04.[10]

As of the 2005–2007 American Community Survey, the median household income was $57,957 and the median family income was $74,467. The per capita income was $30,977. About 5.9% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.5% of those under age 18 and 5.1% of those aged 65 or over.[11]

As of the 2005–2007 American Community Survey, non-Hispanic whites made up 83.7% of Rochester's population. Blacks made up 4.8% of the population while American Indians made up 0.2% of the populace. Asians were the largest minority group; representing 6.2% of Rochester's population. Hispanics and Latinos made up 3.5% of the city's population.[12] In terms of ancestry, German Americans were the largest single ethnic group in Rochester, making up 35.5% of the city's population. Norwegian Americans represented 15.9% of Rochester's population while Irish Americans contributed to 11.6% of the city's populace. English Americans made up 8.2% of the population and Swedish Americans were 5.0% of the city's population.[10]

Olmsted County as a whole had a population of 124,277 in the year 2000 and the change in poulation growth was at 16.7% from 1990 through 2000.

Old City Hall

The age distribution was as follows.

Mayo Clinic

The Mayo Clinic

Rochester is perhaps best known around the world as the home of the Mayo Clinic, which is consistently rated as one of the top hospitals in the United States.

Mayo Clinic got its start in 1863 when Dr. William Worrall Mayo, an immigrant from England moved to Rochester. Over the next few years, Mayo's sons joined him in practice in Rochester. Twenty years later, in 1883, a devastating tornado hit Rochester. The sisters at the local Saint Francis proposed to build a new hospital if and only if Mayo provided health care for it. Nine years later, St. Mary's hospital opened with 27 beds.[13] Over the next handful of years, various doctors and physicians joined up with the Mayo family, including Dr. Henry Stanley Plummer, who according to Mayo Clinic is considered to be the "architect of the modern medical practice"[14] and a primary reason for Mayo Clinic's early success. He designed many of the systems which are now universally used around the world today, such as a shared, individual dossier-style medical record and an interconnecting telephone system.[14]

Today, Mayo Clinic has hospitals and clinics in Jacksonville, Florida, Scottsdale, Arizona, and Phoenix, Arizona and offers other smaller clinics and hospitals around Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Iowa. The headquarters in Rochester offer a number of services including basic and specialty medical services, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Graduate School, and even departments for custom computer software.

Around 30,000 people work for Mayo in Rochester, the majority of whom work downtown. In 2007, annual revenue at Mayo Clinic grew 10%, to $6.9 billion.[15] Although Mayo does not own the tallest building in Rochester, it is responsible for eight of the ten tallest buildings in Rochester—the tallest Mayo building being the Gonda Building at 305 feet (93 m).[16]

Mayo Clinic is led by President and CEO, Denis Cortese, MD, who earns approximately US $745,000 per year.[17] In May 2009, it was announced that when Cortese retires in November 2009, Dr. John Noseworthy who is currently the Medical Director of the Mayo Clinic Department of Development will be named the new President and CEO.[18]

IBM

Rochester's second biggest employer is IBM employing over 4,000 people.[19] In fact, the IBM facility in Rochester is the company's largest under one roof in the world.[19] The building is approximately one mile (1.6 km) long and encompasses over half the total square footage of The Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia. Its tinted glass facing and size has earned it the nickname "The Big Blue Zoo" from employees. Finished in 1958, the facility was designed by Eero Saarinen, who also designed the Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1990, the site was recognized by the National Building Museum as being one of the significant contributions IBM has made to the built environment.

Besides being a very large facility, the facility itself has been an important one for IBM business-wise. Perhaps the most known product to come out of IBM Rochester is the AS/400, now known as System i, a powerful and popular business server solution. Other products developed at the site include hard disks, System p, RS/6000, and various other confidential projects.

Economy

Peace Plaza in the city center, seen from the Mayo Clinic

The Mayo Clinic forms the core of Rochester's economy, employing about 28,000 people and drawing over 2 million visitors to the city each year.[20] The clinic's many facilities, along with hotels, restaurants and retail stores, comprise nearly all of the city's downtown. Other care providers, including the Rochester Federal Medical Center, are significant employers.

IBM's Rochester campus is one of the company's most important manufacturing centers, having produced the System i series,[19] been home to the first Blue Gene prototype, and contributed the servers for Roadrunner.[21]

The economy of Rochester is also influenced by the agricultural nature of the region. Seneca Foods has a processing plant in Rochester, and multiple dairy producers such as Kemps are active in the area.

Transportation

As in most American cities, the primary mode of transportation in Rochester and the surrounding area is the automobile. The city is served by three U.S. highways (U.S. 14, U.S. 52, and U.S. 63), and the southern edge of Rochester is skirted by Interstate Highway 90 and State Highway 30. Rochester offers a skyway system, subterranean walkways (called the "subway" system), buses, car rentals, and airport shuttles. Public transit is run by Rochester City Lines.

Subway/Skyway – Rochester has climate-controlled skyway and underground walkways known as subways. Downtown businesses, hotels, shops and dining are all accessible without having to step outdoors in the winter. A variety of shops and businesses are also located along the underground subways and skyways. The skyway and subway wheelchair accessibility is useful for patients of the Mayo Clinic.

Bus Line – Rochester’s city bus connects many attractions, hotels, meeting facilities and major industries. Rochester City Lines also provides commuter services for a number of surrounding communities.[22]

Taxi Service – There are two taxi companies in Rochester. Med City Cab co.[23] services the Mayo Clinic and surrounding areas and there is also RTS transportation.

Old Central Fire Station about 1910

Airport – Rochester International Airport (FAA designation RST) is located eight miles (13 km) south of downtown Rochester and is accessible via Highway 63. Taxis and airport shuttles provide service between the airport and the city's business centers. The airport features two runways and service terminals operated by American Airlines and Delta Air Lines. A large FedEx terminal, small DHL station and general aviation terminal are also on-site. The airport services flights from all over the world connected through American Eagle (American Airlines) and Delta Air Lines. The Rochester Airport Company (RAC) operates the airport under an operating agreement with the City of Rochester. While RAC is a private company, the Mayo Clinic of Rochester oversees it, and has heavy influence at the airport (as noticed by the similarity of signs throughout the airport compared to the signs throughout the Mayo complex).

The Minneapolis St. Paul International (MSP) airport is about 80 miles (130 km) north of Rochester. Ground transportation is available between the MSP airport and Rochester.[24]

Rail – Freight railroad service to and through the city is provided by the Canadian Pacific Railway through its Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad subsidiary. The closest Amtrak passenger stop is the station in Winona, 45 miles (72 km) east of Rochester. A van shuttle service is available.[25]

A proposed Twin Cities to Rochester rail link has been subject to a series of studies since the late 1980s, either as an independent route to the Twin Cities or as part of a high-speed link to Chicago. Studies indicate the route would be profitable and able to operate without government subsidies. Rochester previously had service to Chicago until the Chicago and North Western Railway's Rochester 400 ended service in 1963.

Government

Mayor Ardell Brede reading a proclamation

Rochester is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Mankato educator Tim Walz, a DFLer. The city includes parts of Minnesota state legislative districts 29 and 30.[26]

The mayor of Rochester is Ardell Brede.[27] The city has an early defibrillation program[28][29]; all marked city police cars carry defibrillators.[30]

City flag

In 1980 a competition was held to design a flag for the city of Rochester. Nearly 200 flag proposal entries were submitted to the citizen flag selection committee.[31] The design submitted by Laurie A. Muir, a fine arts student at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design, was selected for the Official Rochester City Flag by the Rochester City Council at a council meeting on June 16, 1980.[32] Muir designed the flag with a white circle on a royal blue background, as a historical reference to the original Flag of Minnesota, which actually has a medium blue background. To represent the city's main industry, the flag design includes a city landscape in the background showing the main building of the Mayo Clinic, along with the Plummer Building, a U.S. National Historic Landmark. Another major employer, IBM is represented by a computer-styled font for the lettering. In the foreground is a blue lake representing Rochester's Silver Lake, an artificial lake in Rochester created by a dam and used to cool the electrical generating power plant. Because the power plant produces enough heat to keep the lake from freezing in the winter, Canada geese stay in Rochester year round. This is represented by the three Canada geese flying over the city on the flag. The first official flag was presented to its designer in a ceremony held at the Rochester Public Library on August 19, 1980. Making the presentation was City Council President Dick Postier and Mayor Chuck Hazama.[33] The center image from the flag is currently used as a logo in various renditions by city departments.

Education

The city is home to Rochester Community and Technical College, Winona State University-Rochester and a branch of St. Mary's University, co-located at a campus in southeast Rochester. In 2007, University of Minnesota Rochester, located downtown, became an official University of Minnesota campus.

Rochester is also home to a branch of Cardinal Stritch University, Crossroads College (a four-year nondenominational Christian college) and Minnesota School of Business & Globe University (a private career college offering bachelor's and associate degree programs in business, health science, information technology, and legal science).

Graduate education is available through The Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, the research and education component of Mayo Clinic. The College of Medicine comprises Mayo Medical School, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo School of Continuing Medical Education, Mayo School of Health Sciences, and the Mayo Clinic Residency and Fellowship programs.

High schools

There are three public high schools in Rochester:

The public school system has one school for young mothers in the school system

There are three private high schools in Rochester

Climate

Rochester features a humid continental climate, with hot summers and very cold winters. The city features four distinct seasons. Rochester sees on average 30 inches of precipitation per year, including 48 inches of snow. Snow is common during the winter months of Rochester, with average temperatures well below the freezing point. Spring and fall are transitional seasons, with a general warming trend during the spring and a general cooling trend during the fall. However, it’s not uncommon to see some snowfall during the early months of spring and the later months of fall. Summers tend to be hot and humid in Rochester.

Climate data for Rochester, Minnesota
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 21
(-6.1)		 26
(-3.3)		 38
(3.3)		 55
(12.8)		 68
(20)		 78
(25.6)		 82
(27.8)		 79
(26.1)		 70
(21.1)		 59
(15)		 40
(4.4)		 26
(-3.3)		 54
(12.2)
Daily mean °F (°C) 12
(-11.1)		 17
(-8.3)		 29
(-1.7)		 45
(7.2)		 57
(13.9)		 67
(19.4)		 71
(21.7)		 68
(20)		 59
(15)		 48
(8.9)		 32
(0)		 18
(-7.8)		 44
(6.7)
Average low °F (°C) 3
(-16.1)		 8
(-13.3)		 20
(-6.7)		 34
(1.1)		 46
(7.8)		 56
(13.3)		 60
(15.6)		 58
(14.4)		 48
(8.9)		 38
(3.3)		 24
(-4.4)		 10
(-12.2)		 34
(1.1)
Rainfall inches (mm) 0.78
(19.8)		 0.81
(20.6)		 1.80
(45.7)		 2.80
(71.1)		 3.40
(86.4)		 4.10
(104.1)		 4.20
(106.7)		 3.90
(99.1)		 3.10
(78.7)		 2.00
(50.8)		 1.70
(43.2)		 1.00
(25.4)		 29.4
(747)
Snowfall inches (cm) 10.1
(25.7)		 7.9
(20.1)		 9.6
(24.4)		 4.0
(10.2)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0.7
(1.8)		 5.8
(14.7)		 10.7
(27.2)		 48.8
(124)
Source: weatherbase.com[34]

Sites of interest

Corn water tower being repainted

Arts and entertainment

Mayowood Mansion historic site

Sports and recreation

Parks and recreation

Rochester has a network of bike and pedestrian paths.

There are many opportunities to enjoy running, hiking, inline skating, biking or walking throughout the city of Rochester. The city offers 85 miles (137 km) of trails, all paved.[46]

The Root River and Douglas State Trails combine for nearly 55 miles (89 km) in the near Rochester area. Developed on historic railroad passages, the trails provide rural scenery, with a combination of paved and unpaved surfaces for wheels, hooves and shoes. The Douglas Trail gently travels through a mix of forest and rolling fields, while the Root River Trail gives views of the soaring limestone bluffs of the Root River Valley. The Root River Trail was newly paved in 1999 and features a choice of less and more challenging areas. The Harmony-Preston Valley State Trail contributes 18 additional miles of trail, connecting with the Root River system. All state trails have convenient parking lots with rest facilities.

Quarry Hill Nature Center offers more than five miles (8 km) of trails covering 270 acres (1.1 km2). Like the state trails, Quarry Hill’s system links with the City Trail System.

There is a large park system in Rochester, with more than 100 sites covering 5 square miles (13 km²). There are several golf courses, including two disc golf courses, and many other athletic facilities.

Sports

Media

The city newspaper is the Post-Bulletin, an afternoon paper which publishes Monday through Saturday. The city magazine is the monthly Rochester Magazine.[48]

There are two television stations based in Rochester: KTTC channel 10 (NBC), KTTC-(CW) channel 10.2, and KXLT-TV channel 47 (Fox). The stations share studios as part of a special agreement between Quincy Newspapers and Segamorehill Broadcasting. KIMT channel 3 (CBS) in Mason City, Iowa, KAAL channel 6 (ABC) in Austin, Minnesota, channel 15 KSMQ (PBS) in Austin and channel 24 KYIN (PBS) in Mason City are among the stations that serve the market. The Rochester stations focus on Rochester area news, while KAAL and KIMT emphasize Austin and Mason City news, respectively.

The Rochester area is served by cable company Charter Communications.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  2. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  3. ↑ - US Census Rochester, Minnesota Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
  4. ↑ "Rochester, MN Metro Area - ACS Demographics and Housing Estimates: 2008". 2008 American Community Survey. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2009. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-context=adp&-qr_name=ACS_2008_1YR_G00_DP5&-ds_name=ACS_2008_1YR_G00_&-tree_id=308&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=31000US40340&-format=&-_lang=en. Retrieved 2009-11-09. 
  5. ↑ "Best Places to Live". Money Magazine. 2006. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/moneymag/bplive/2006/top100/index3.html. Retrieved 2007-12-16. 
  6. ↑ "Best Places to Live". Money Magazine. 2009. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/moneymag/bplive/2009/states/MN.html. Retrieved 2009-10-16. 
  7. ↑ "History of Rochester". City of Rochester, MN. http://www.ci.rochester.mn.us/visitors/history.asp. 
  8. ↑ "Tornado Strikes Rochester". Mayo Foundation for Medical and Educational Research. http://www.mayoclinic.org/tradition-heritage/tornado-saint-marys.html. 
  9. ↑ http://www.city-data.com/city/Rochester-Minnesota.html
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Rochester City, Minnesota. Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2005-2007. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2010-01-14
  11. ↑ Rochester City, Minnesota. 2006-2008 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
  12. ↑ Rochester City, Minnesota. ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2005-2007. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
  13. ↑ History of St. Mary's Hospital, Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2010-01-14
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Dr. Henry Plummer: Building modern medicine". Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayoclinic.org/tradition-heritage/dr-henry-plummer.html. Retrieved 2010-01-14. 
  15. ↑ May Yee, Chen (2008-03-17). "Mayo Clinic reports 2007 revenue grew 10%". Star Tribune. http://www.startribune.com/business/16684991.html. Retrieved 2008-06-17. 
  16. ↑ "Tallest skyscrapers: Rochester". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=102480&bt=2&ht=2&sro=1. Retrieved 2010-01-14. 
  17. ↑ Brauer, David; Hawkins, Beth; Hoekstra, Joel (January 2008). "Who Makes What". minnesota monthly. http://www.minnesotamonthly.com/media/Minnesota-Monthly/January-2008/Who-Makes-What/. Retrieved 2008-06-17. 
  18. ↑ Newmarker, Chris (May 2009). "Noseworthy Named New Mayo Clinic CEO". Minneapolis-St. Paul Business Journal. http://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/stories/2009/05/04/daily43.html. Retrieved 2009-05-15. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "IBM Archives: Rochester profile". IBM. http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/rochester/rochester_profile.html. Retrieved 2010-01-14. 
  20. ↑ Rochester: Economy. City-Data.com. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
  21. ↑ Roadrunner. Top500 Supercomputing Sites.
  22. ↑ Commuter routes. Rochester City Lines.
  23. ↑ Homepage. Med City Taxi.
  24. ↑ Homepage. Go Rochester Direct.
  25. ↑ Homepage. Go Carefree Shuttle.
  26. ↑ "Your Elected Officials". Rochester City Clerk official website. City of Rochester, Minnesota. http://www.rochestermn.gov/departments/cityclerk/officials/electedofficials.asp. 
  27. ↑ "Office of the Mayor". City of Rochester, Minnesota. http://www.rochestermn.gov/departments/mayor/index.asp. 
  28. ↑ White RD; Bunch TJ; Hankins DG (June 2005). "Evolution of a community-wide early defibrillation programme experience over 13 years using police/fire personnel and paramedics as responders.". Resuscitation. 
  29. ↑ Robert Davis. "The price of just a few seconds lost: People die". Six minutes to live or die (USA Today). http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/ems-day2-cover.htm?. 
  30. ↑ "How Early Defibrillation Works". Rochester Police official web site. City of Rochester, Minnesota. http://www.rochestermn.gov/departments/police/defibrillation/howdefibworks.asp. 
  31. ↑ "City Flag Entries Narrowed to 10" (fee required). Rochester Post-Bulletin: p. 6. 1980-06-04. http://development.postbulletin.com/archive_search/. .
  32. ↑ Freeberg, Ron (1980-06-17). "Official Rochester Flag Chosen" (fee required). Rochester Post-Bulletin: p. 1. http://development.postbulletin.com/archive_search/. .
  33. ↑ "Designer Receives 1st Official City Flag" (fee required). Rochester Post-Bulletin: p. 1. 1980-08-20. http://development.postbulletin.com/archive_search/. .
  34. ↑ "Historical weather for Rochester, Minnesota USA". Canty & Associates, LLC. http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=044627. Retrieved 2009-01-07. 
  35. ↑ History. Rochester Art Center. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
  36. ↑ Homepage. Rochester Art Center.
  37. ↑ Homepage. The History Center of Olmsted County.
  38. ↑ SEMVA Art Gallery, Rochester, MN. SEMVA Gallery.
  39. ↑ About Us. Choral Arts Ensemble.
  40. ↑ Homepage. Olmsted County Fair.
  41. ↑ About Us. Rochester Civic Theatre.
  42. ↑ Homepage. Rochester Community Band.
  43. ↑ Next up at the rep. Rochester Repertory Theatre Company.
  44. ↑ Homepage. Rochester Symphony Orchestra & Chorale.
  45. ↑ Homepage. Southeastern Minnesota Youth Orchestras.
  46. ↑ "Recreational trails". City of Rochester, Minnesota. http://www.ci.rochester.mn.us/departments/park/trails/index.asp. Retrieved 2010-01-14. 
  47. ↑ Homepage. Med City Aquatics.
  48. ↑ Rochester Magazine. Post-Bulletin Company, LLC.

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